CARE-C, The Cyprus Institute

Christos Xenofontos

MSCA Fellow & PhD in Atmospheric Sciences

CARE-C, The Cyprus Institute, 1645 Nicosia, Cyprus
Email: c.xenofontos@cyi.ac.cy
Atmospheric Sciences Aerosol–Climate Interactions Anthropogenic NH₃ Earth System Modelling

Profile

Marie Skłodowska–Curie Actions Fellow (MSCA) and Ph.D. candidate in Atmospheric Sciences at The Cyprus Institute. My research investigates how anthropogenic ammonia (NH₃) emissions influence upper-tropospheric aerosol formation and climate. I use the EMAC Earth system model, integrating mechanisms from the CLOUD experiment at CERN. I have completed secondments at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and CERN (CLOUD experiment), published in high-impact journals including PNAS and Nature, and served as a reviewer for Environmental Science & Technology.

Education

The Cyprus Institute

PhD in Energy, Environment and Atmospheric Sciences · 2023–2026

Research Project: Anthropogenic NH₃ in the Upper Troposphere: Global Impact on Particle Formation and Its Role in the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer

University College London

MSc Planetary Science · 2021–2022

Degree Classification: Distinction
Research Project: Simulating the performances of ARIEL and JWST in probing the atmospheres of planets in the radius gap

Imperial College London

MSc Physics · 2020–2021

Degree Classification: Distinction
Research Project: Inertial stability and the behaviour of tropical cyclones

Imperial College London

BSc Physics · 2017–2020

Degree Classification: Upper Second Class Honours
Research Project: Sonoluminescence – Generating light from acoustically-driven bubbles

The English School, Nicosia, Cyprus

High School Diploma · 2010–2016

A Levels: Physics (A*), Mathematics (A*), Further Mathematics (A*), Biology (A), Modern Greek (A)

Research Achievements & Peer Recognition

Summary of Research

I quantify the global impact of anthropogenic NH₃ on new particle formation (NPF) in the upper troposphere, where aerosols shape cloud properties and climate. Using Earth system modelling and CLOUD-derived NPF mechanisms, I show that NH₃—transported by convection from agricultural sources—enhances aerosol formation through interactions with sulfuric and nitric acids.

Simulations reveal that anthropogenic NH₃ increases cloud-forming particle concentrations by up to 2.5× over high-emission regions and raises aerosol optical depth by as much as 80%, amplifying climate effects. This work advances NH₃-driven NPF representation in global models, improving climate projections and informing policy.

Awards & Recognition

  • Media recognition of PNAS publication: Featured and promoted through official PNAS channels with broad engagement across platforms such as Twitter, LinkedIn and Bluesky (2025).
  • Marie Skłodowska–Curie Actions (MSCA) CLOUD-DOC Fellowship (EU-2023).
  • Ogden Prize: Awarded annually to one student for outstanding achievement in the Communicating Physics course (Imperial College London, 2019).
  • As a result of the Ogden Prize, my name was written into the memory of the magnetometer instrument of the Solar Orbiter spacecraft (Imperial College London, 2019).

Publications

  1. Xenofontos, C., et al. “Global impact of anthropogenic NH₃ emissions on upper tropospheric aerosol formation.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122.44 (2025): e2506658122.
  2. Xenofontos, C., et al. “The impact of ammonia on particle formation in the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer.” npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 7.1 (2024): 215.
  3. Russell, D. M., Xenofontos, C., et al. “Isoprene chemistry under upper-tropospheric conditions.” Nature Communications 16.1 (2025): 8555.
  4. Bhattacharyya, N., Xenofontos, C., et al. “Isoprene aerosol growth in the upper troposphere: application of the Diagonal Volatility Basis Set to cloud chamber measurements.” ACS ES&T Air 2.10 (2025): 2092–2104.
  5. Shen, J., Xenofontos, C., et al. “New particle formation from isoprene under upper-tropospheric conditions.” Nature 636.8041 (2024): 115–123.

Research Experience & Service

Secondments

Conferences

Positions of Responsibility

The Cyprus Institute

Student Representative · Nicosia, Cyprus · 2024–2026
  • Represented student interests at the Graduate School level in academic and institutional decision-making.
  • Organized student-led events, fostering academic engagement and community-building.
  • Supported student well-being and productivity through peer outreach and feedback mechanisms.
  • Acted as liaison between students and faculty, ensuring transparent communication and leadership representation.

CLOUD Collaboration

CLOUD-DOC Student Representative, Paper Committee · CERN, Switzerland · 2023–2026
  • Reviewed and provided feedback on student paper drafts to uphold scientific clarity.
  • Ensured accuracy of author lists, affiliations and acknowledgements across CLOUD publications.
  • Represented doctoral students in discussions with senior researchers on publication planning and policy.

Skills

Languages

  • Greek (native)
  • English (native)
  • French (IGCSE)

Programming & Modelling

  • Python
  • Fortran
  • Earth system model development (EMAC)
  • HPC environments
  • Unix/Linux

Software & Tools

  • Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)
  • Git
  • LaTeX

Certifications & Teaching

  • Python Programming – Coursera & Python Institute Certified.
  • Guided final-year physics students to win gold and silver medals in Physics Olympiads (Chelsea Academy, London).
  • Experience with large-scale simulations, data analysis and collaborative research workflows.